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We recently took a look at a study which measuresthe material properties of ABS and PLA printed on RepRap printersin comparison to parts printed on commercial machines.

这项研究表明pl和ABS在Repap打印机上印刷的部件在拉伸强度和弹性模量方面的商用机器上的零件相对相当。

As you might guess, however, it’s pretty hard to control the many variables in a study like that and the researchers even noted that not everything could realistically be controlled.

那么这些变量可以影响印刷部分的结果吗？它发生了，我们遇到了another neat experiment这探讨了这个非常问题，并且作为一开始，调查PLA如何作为材料颜色的函数以及填充方向执行。

Material Property Variables

Successful prints on entry level 3D printers , especially on RepRap and other hobbyist-level printers, are highly reliant on the tuning of the machine as well as the knowledge of the operator. There are many variables that can affect the strength and stiffness of a desired part including:

  • 材料颜色
  • Fill direction
  • Infill perfectage
  • 温度
  • 水分/湿度
  • Load duration (creep) or repetition (fatigue)

Each of these variables can affect the resulting elastic modulus and strength of a part so an operator needs to be meticulous in the control of these variables among many others. As a start in assessing these variables and the impact they have on 3D parts,在Wikiversity上发布的实验takes a look specifically at the first two variables, material color and fill direction.

测试

为了测量这两个变量，开发了两个测试计划：

1. 3点弯曲试验（旨在确定材料刚度）

  1. Symmetrically suspend different color PLA beams using empty bins, wooden triangular supports, and a level
  2. 将一张空白的纸张固定到电平，以标记每个群众的光束的初始位置和偏转

2.测试后2分（旨在确定材料强度）

  1. 钻成PLA梁的一端
  2. Tie a string through the hole
  3. 用夹子固定梁的另一端
  4. 使用大量重量施加力到梁

结果作为材料颜色的函数

刚度依赖于PLA颜色

测试结果表明以下从大多数刚性（2.77GPA）至最小（2.55GPa）：

  1. 清除
  2. 发光
  3. Blue
  4. Black
  5. 绿色的
  6. Red

Strength Dependence on PLA Color

关于材料强度，研究人员看到了更大的差异，从105MPa到54MPa。以下是结果：

  1. Black
  2. 绿色的
  3. 清除
  4. Red
  5. Glow in the dark

结果作为填充方向的函数

With regard to fill direction, the experiment shows that beams are about 20% less stiff when printed in the WxH orientation, and equivalent in stiffness when printed in the LxW and LxH orientations.

总之

This is just an initial look at a few of the many variables that play a part in high quality 3D printing. It gives you some information on which build orientations are best for printing with PLA and how different colors perform, but the main point is that there are a lot of variables involved and when it comes to 3D printing, you need to be a master at your craft to print quality parts.

3D打印既是艺术和科学，也不能仅仅依靠Makerbot或Repap Machine打印出优秀的部件;了解你的科学和实践艺术。想了解更多吗？看看Fictiv Capabilities Guide!